Project Summary
Public description
The LVOE project focuses on an innovative LV (Low Voltage) power electronic device (LV Optimiser) with its novel control algorithm designed to address LV voltage quality and imbalance, enabling the vast adoption of Low Carbon Technology (LCT) connections within the LV network.
The Low Voltage network is currently undergoing substantial changes due to the increased integration of LCTs such as solar panels, heat pumps and electric vehicle chargers. Traditional strategies are no longer effective at mitigating the strain from LCTs.
The LV Optimiser will provide a technical solution to dynamically operate the network, allowing for the widespread introduction of LCTs.
Innovation Justification
In direct relation to most customers, the challenges presented in low-voltage (LV) networks necessitate both innovative thinking and technological advancement in LV network dynamic management. Responding to this need, Project LVOE has been formulated, underpinned by four foundational innovations:
(1) A refined approach that directly targets LV voltage quality and systematically mitigates imbalances.
(2) A rigorous evaluation of dedicated LV power electronic devices (PEDs) - LV Network Optimiser (LVOE) to ensure the network's adaptive responsiveness beyond substations.
(3) The incorporation of cost-conscious and practice-oriented designs, prominently featuring standard converters.
(4) The inception of adaptable, control and protection strategies allowing seamless shifts between varied operational parameters.
Drawing insights from its distinguished forerunners -- namely LV Engine (SPEN), FUN-LV (UKPN), and the concluding Active Response (UKPN), LVOE is more than an incremental step forward. It signifies a paradigm shift where traditional substation located PEDs have been the norm, LVOE investigates PEDs specifically located and designed for LV feeders to improve operational flexibility. With analytical views across diverse Distribution Network Operator (DNO) regions, the Project's ambition is to formulate findings with nationwide applicability, shaping the future of the UK's vast LV networks.
Further distinguishing LVOE is its commitment to practicality. The PEDs in power networks have seen custom models excel in the realms of high/medium-voltage applications. However, these bespoke solutions, while effective, present barriers to widespread LV adoption. Recognising this limitation, Project LVOE explores innovative use of existing topologies but advocating new control solutions, the project is not merely proposing an alternative but is laying the foundation for the next industry standard in LV PED oriented protection schemes. Leveraging new research on phase-exchanging PEDs, with manufacturer and academic partners on board, the aim is to elevate the technology readiness level (TRL) and set new benchmarks.
Impacts and Benefits
Electric networks play a critical role in the transition to a low-carbon future by enabling the integration of renewable energy sources, electric vehicles, charging infrastructure, and heat pumps into the grid. However, the effectivity is heavily dependent on the Low Voltage (LV) networks, which are the direct interface with households and communities. They must evolve to keep pace with changing energy consumption patterns. Phase voltage imbalance is highly significant in LV networks, with current passive infrastructure there is a substantial cost-saving potential.
Passive Low Voltage Networks: The electricity networks were planned, developed, and operated over the past century focussing on current issues, as a result the visibility and controllability of the LV network is less developed than possible.
As more households adopt technologies like photovoltaics, EV chargers, and heat pumps, they exert a direct impact on single-phase voltage levels within the LV network. This impact results in an imbalance in phase voltage, requiring significant reinforcement, resulting in extended delays and increased costs.
A Smart Technology Solution: In 2022, the UK government commissioned national studies[1] that found Phase Balancing as one of the most significant challenges for LV networks. This has the potential to save up to 38% of the costs associated with LV network enhancements, a saving of over £6 billion before 2035 at national level. These results have brought to light a solution that has far-reaching implications for the future of low carbon energy distribution. Based on current SP Energy Networks electricity customers such a smart technology can benefit at least 150,000 households within the franchised area and 1.5 million at the GB level.[2]
Application Scope: While our application will verify the benefits of Phase Voltage Balancing, considering the intricacies of various networks, it is crucial to acknowledge the substantial potential savings that this technology offers. Our efforts align with the broader national imperative to drive cost-effective, sustainable, and efficient low carbon energy distribution in the United Kingdom.
LV Optimiser will inform and contribute to smart technology development required in our energy transition, as in Challenge 2, SIF Round 3. By carrying out the thorough feasibility study, we can confirm our specifications required, de-risking the innovation, enabling a focused and fit-for-purpose design in the Alpha phase.
[1] Low Voltage Network Capacity Study, Department for Business, Energy and Industry Strategy: July 2022
[2] Based on 5% circa 30 million UK electricity customers
